A few times the Barber and Rob get called out for doing witchcraft or black magic, and Barber also warns Rob against dissection because the Church burns necromancers at the stake.Those concepts didn't exist yet in Europe (the film opens in 1021). Around this time the Catholic church fought against what it called superstitions, caused both by remnants of pre-Christian belief and the ignorance of the masses regarding proper religion. These beliefs involved people thinking they could use amulets or incantations to bind the forces of nature created by God to do their will, rather than the proper way of asking God (or more correctly, asking a priest to speak to God). The Devil wasn't involved in this.A little later in the 1000s and 1100s, Christians started developing the notion of diabolic magic, or black magic, now believing that the actions of charms or spells called on demons. Conceptions of necromancy became popular among learned magicians in the 12th century, while full-fledged beliefs in witchcraft--in which a person undertakes a pact with the Devil (sometimes without their knowledge) to do the Devil's work in the world--did not emerge until late in the Middle Ages.The Church also was not allowed to carry out corporal punishments of suspected magicians or witches. They had to turn suspects over to civil authorities to carry out those punishments, and burnings were relatively rare.

Film

Medicus (2013)

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